Abstract Aim: This study investigates the impact of social isolation, weight changes, and physical activity (PA) by the electronic tools (eTools) on the quality of life (QoL) of Brazilian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this observational longitudinal study, one hundred eighty-nine medical students completed an e-questionnaire, which used the WHOQOL-Bref instrument to report QoL and sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and lifestyles related to PA. Cronbach's alpha and Friedman/Dunn and Spearman's correlation tests were performed. Based on descriptive and inferential statistics, a multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the potential predictors of QoL. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic particularly affected the psychological and social domains. Time spent indoors and a non-ideal BMI had a negative impact on QoL. Being female and sexual minority-group membership were associated with lower QoL scores in the psychological and physical domains, respectively. Access to PA eTools was positively associated with QoL. Being monitored by a physical education teacher contributes to satisfactory PA levels during online classes. Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the access of PA eTools on QoL during the COVID-19 pandemic. During periods of social distancing, people should pay extra attention to self-care strategies to protect mental health and promote positive lifestyle patterns. In addition, using online PA resources monitored by physical education teachers could be a strategy to maintain satisfactory levels of exercise.

RESUMO O estudo analisou os efeitos do exercício resistido e/ou alongamento na morfologia muscular de ratas ovariectomizadas. Setenta e cinco ratas Wistar (218±22g) foram divididas em 8 grupos: Controle (CONTROLE, n=5); Ovariectomia/histerectomia (OH, n=10): foram submetidas à ovariectomia/histerectomia e aguardaram oito semanas para instalação de osteopenia; Alongamento (ALONG, n=10): alongamento manual do músculo sóleo (10 repetições de 60s), duas vezes por semana; Ovariectomia/histerectomia e Alongamento (OH+ALONG, n=10); Exercício Resistido (ER, n=10): 4 séries de 10 repetições, carga inicial de 50% do peso corporal, aumentando semanalmente até 70%, três vezes por semana; Exercício Resistido e Alongamento (ER+ALONG, n=10); Ovariectomia/histerectomia e Exercício Resistido (OH+PL, n=10); Ovariectomia/histerectomia, Exercício Resistido e Alongamento (OH+ER+Along, n=10). Alongamento e/ou Exercicio Resistido foram realizados durante 6 semanas. Após 14 semanas, as ratas foram submetidas à ortotanásia para remoção do sóleo. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: peso corporal; peso e comprimento muscular; número e comprimento dos sarcômeros e área da secção transversa das fibras musculares (ASTFM). Comparação entre grupos foi realizada com ANOVA one way post hoc Tukey ou Kruskall-Wallis (p <0,05). O peso corporal e muscular das ratas submetidas aos exercícios foram maiores do que as intactas. O OH e OH+ER+ALONG aumentaram o comprimento e o número de sarcômeros. O OH apresentou menor ASTFM em comparação com todos os grupos. Ovariectomia/histerectomia induziu sarcopenia, mas os protocolos de exercícios foram suficientes para evitar a perda de ASTFM. O aumento do peso corporal associado ao exercício resistido e alongamento induziu sarcomerogenese nas ratas ovarectomizadas.

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the effects of resistive exercise and/or stretching in the muscle morphology of ovariectomized rats. Seventy-five female Wistar rats (218±22g) were divided into 8 groups: Control (CONTROL, n=5); Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy (OH, n=10): ovariectomized/hysterectomized and then waited 8 weeks for the onset of osteopenia. Stretching (STRET, n=10): manual stretching of the soleus muscle (10 repetitions of 60s), twice weekly; Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy and Stretching (OH+STRET, n=10); Progressive Loading (PL, n=10): 4 sets of 10 repetitions, initial load 50% of body weight, increasing weekly until 70%, three times a week. Progressive Loading and Stretching (PL+STRET, n=10); Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy and Progressive loading exercise (OH+PL, n=10); Ovariectomy/Hysterectomy, Progressive Loading and Stretching (OH+PL+STRET, n=10). Stretching and/or progressive loading were performed for 6 weeks. After 14 weeks, the female rats were euthanized to remove the soleus muscle. The following variables were assessed: body weight; muscle weight and length; number and length of sarcomeres and the muscle fiber cross-sectional area (MFCSA). Comparisons between the groups were performed with ANOVA one-way post hoc Tukey or Kruskall-Wallis (p<0.05). The body and muscle weights of ovariectomized rats submitted to exercise were higher than the intact ones. The OH and OH+PL+STRET increased the muscle length and the serial sarcomere number. OH presented the smallest MFCSA compared to all groups. Ovariectomy/hysterectomy induced sarcopenia, but the exercise's protocols were enough to prevent the loss of MFCSA. The increase in body weight associated to resistive training and stretching enhanced sarcomerogenesis of ovariectomized rats.

RESUMEN El estudio analizó los efectos del ejercicio resistido y/o estiramiento en la morfología muscular de ratas ovarectomizadas. Se dividió setenta y cinco ratas Wistar (218±22g) en 8 grupos: Control (CONTROL, n=5); ovariectomía/histerectomía (OH, n=10): fueron sometidas a ovariectomía/histerectomía y esperaron ocho semanas para la instalación de osteopenia; Estiramiento (ESTIR, n=10): estiramiento manual del músculo sóleo (10 repeticiones de 60s), dos veces por semana; ovariectomía/histerectomía y estiramiento (OH + ESTIR, n=10), ejercicio resistido (ER, n=10): 4 series de 10 repeticiones, carga inicial de 50% del peso corporal, aumentando semanalmente hasta 70%, tres veces por semana; Ejercicio resistido y estiramiento (ER+ESTIR, n=10); ovariectomía/histerectomía y ejercicio resistido (OH + PL, n=10); ovariectomía/histerectomía, ejercicio resistido y estiramiento (OH + ER + ESTIR, n=10). Se realizó estiramiento y/o ejercicio resistido durante 6 semanas. Después de 14 semanas, las ratas fueron sometidas a ortotanasia para la remoción del sóleo. Las siguientes variables fueron evaluadas: peso corporal; peso y longitud muscular; número y longitud de los sarcómeros y área de la sección trasversa de las fibras musculares (ASTFM). Se realizó una comparación entre grupos con ANOVA one way post hoc Tukey o Kruskall-Wallis (p <0,05). El peso corporal y muscular de las ratas sometidas a los ejercicios fue mayor que el de las intactas. El OH y OH+ER+ESTIR aumentaron la longitud y el número de los sarcómeros. El OH presentó menor ASTFM en comparación con todos los grupos. Ovariectomía/histerectomía indujo sarcopenia, más los protocolos de ejercicios fueron suficientes para evitar la pérdida de ASTFM. El aumento del peso corporal asociado al ejercicio resistido y estiramiento indujo sarcomerogénesis en las ratas sometidas a ovariectomía.

Corundum, sapphire or α-Al2O3 is an important technological material in many optical and electronic applications such as solid-state lasers, optical windows and, more recently, as a radiation detector. Landauer (Glenwood, IL, USA) accumulated large number of archived and stored Luxel™ dosemeters composed of Al2O3:C, which were subjected to a recovery process. Due to the importance of this advanced crystalline material in OSL dosimetry, a recovery process was developed based on the dosemeters calcination and Al2O3:C has been reused in manufacturing of new dosemeters. This paper does not aim to optimize the recovery process, but provides an opportunity to study the involved process parameters and to recover this valuable crystalline material from used dosemeters. To the best of our knowledge no other recovery process involving this dosimetric material was described in scientific literature. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), Thermogravimetry/Differential Thermoanalysis (TG/DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and Rietveld Refinement were used to characterize the recovered material and to check for the stability of its structural and dosimetric properties.

The objective of this study was to identify the psychosocial risk factors present in the neonatal intensive care unit in the view of nurses and to analyze how they affect the health of the group. The qualitative descriptive method was applied at a neonatal intensive care unit in a university hospital, in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 nurses, in 2011. Content analysis led to the following results: the psychosocial risks identified by that group cause occupational stress according to some of them: insufficient of material resources, conflicts inside of the work teams and enhancement the rhythm of work. It is concluded that preventive actions and changes need to be implemented by the organization so that it could improve the work environment. Nursing have an important role in helping the organization managers in adopting strategies for risk reduction and setting a healthier work environment.

Se objetivó en este estudio identificar los riesgos psicosociales presentes en la unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal en la visión del enfermero y analizar como los riesgos psicosociales influyen en la salud del grupo. Método cualitativo, descriptivo, teniendo como campo una unidad de tratamiento intensivo neonatal de un hospital universitario sito en el municipio de Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Se utilizó la técnica de entrevista semiestructurada con 11 enfermeros, en 2011. Aplicado el análisis de contenido a los testimonios, se llegó a los resultados siguientes: los riesgos psicosociales en su conjunto provocan estrés laboral siendo algunos de ellos: recursos materiales insuficientes, conflicto en el trabajo en equipo y el ritmo intenso de trabajo. Se concluyó que cabe a la organización del trabajo investir en acciones preventivas a partir de los riesgos psicosociales identificados por el enfermero con el fin de promover la salud del grupo y estimular la participación en la toma de decisiones que se transformen en mejoría de las condiciones de trabajo.

Objetivou-se neste estudo identificar os fatores de risco psicossocial presentes em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal na visão do enfermeiro e analisar como os mesmos afetam a saúde do grupo. Método qualitativo, descritivo, tendo como campo uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal de um hospital universitário situado no município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Utilizou-se a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada com 11 enfermeiros, em 2011. Aplicada a análise de conteúdo aos depoimentos, chegou-se aos seguintes resultados: os riscos psicossociais em seu conjunto acarretam estresse ocupacional, sendo alguns deles: recursos materiais insuficientes, conflito no trabalho em equipe e o ritmo de trabalho intenso. Conclui-se que cabe à organização do trabalho investir em açôes preventivas a partir dos riscos psicossociais identificados pelo enfermeiro no intuito de promover a saúde do grupo e motivar a participação na tomada de decisôes que revertam em melhoria das condiçôes de trabalho.

Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. and K. crenata (Andrews) Haw., Crassulaceae, are popularly used in the treatment of many diseases. Their biological activities, such as anti-leishmaniasis and analgesic, can be useful in phytotherapy. Both species are often misidentified as the other, because of their similar popular uses and names, and the similar external morphology of the leaves. We investigated the existence of anatomical characters that will permit correct identification of the species grown in shade and in sun conditions. We also contribute with new observations on the leaf anatomy of K. pinnata and K. crenata. Fixed (FAA70) leaves were used, and their sections were embedded in Leica historesin. Hydathodes were observed in both species, and for the first time were anatomically described in K. crenata. The species showed anatomical differences in relation to the presence of epidermal idioblasts only in K. crenata, the different pattern of distribution of subepidermal idioblasts, and the presence of leaf buds only in K. pinnata.